The difference between null and undefined in JavaScript

Reference

Typical usage of null

As a function parameter, it means that the function parameter is not an object

            function myFn(obj) {
    if(null == obj) {
        // code
    }
}
        

As the end of the object prototype chain

            Object.getPrototypeOf(Object.prototype);
        

When releasing the variable, assign null to the variable

            let o={
 code:'abc'
};
o = null;
        

Typical usage of undefined

The variable is declared but not assigned, the value of the variable is undefined

            let o;
console.log(o);    //undefined
        

The parameter that the function should provide is not provided when calling, then the value of the parameter that is not provided is undefined

            function myFn(o) {
    console.log(o);
}
myFn();   //undefined
        

Properties that the object does not contain, the value is undefined

            let o={
 code:'abc'
};
console.log(o.name);    //undefined
        

When the function does not return a value, it returns undefined by default

            function myFn(obj) {
    obj = 'a';
}
console.log(myFn());    //undefined
        

Similarities between null and undefined

False when converted to boolean

            console.log(Boolean(null));  // false
console.log(Boolean(undefined)); // false
        

The difference between null and undefined

The result is different when converted to a number. The result of null conversion is a valid number value of 0, and the result of undefined conversion is NaN.

            console.log(Number(null));  // 0
console.log(Number(undefined)); // NaN
        

The two types are different, the type of null is object, and the type of undefined is undefined.

            console.log(typeof null); //object
console.log(typeof undefined); //undefined
        

compare null and undefined

To distinguish between null and undefined, only congruence can be used. In congruence, it will strictly compare whether the two types are equal.

            console.log(Boolean(null == undefined));  // true
console.log(Boolean(null === undefined)); // false
        

to sum up

After the above comparison, we have a clear understanding of these two types. Usually when we judge whether a variable has a valid value when writing code, we don't need to distinguish between the two, just use it as a Boolean type. But when we need to judge whether the property exists, we must strictly use the type to judge undefined. Finally, if we pass a numeric value, we must make a judgment first, and cannot be directly cast to a numeric type, otherwise null will cause us to get abnormal results, and undefined will directly calculate the invalid result NaN.